Apr 25 2008
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How have middle- and lower-income Americans spent their way into trouble?
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The problem has been laying in wait for us for years. How have most Americans been living beyond their means? Our current economic crisis has been building for decades. America?s median hourly wage is only slightly higher than it was 35 years ago, and this is adjusted for inflation. The income of a man in his 30s is currently 12 percent below what a man of comparable age’s was three decades ago. Most of the money earned in America since then has gone to the richest 5 percent.
So…what have Americans been doing to live beyond their paychecks?
- I hesitate to say this, but the first thing they did was send more women into the paid workforce. Women streamed into the work force in the 1970s partlya because of new professional opportunities but also because they had to supplement their family income to support their spending habits. The percentage of American working mothers with school-age children has basically doubled since 1970. It’s currently more than 70 percent.
- The second thing they did was to start working more hours. The average American now works more every year than they did thirty years ago. Americans have become workaholics. We put in 350 more hours a year than the average European. This was surprising! We work even more than the notoriously industrious Japanese.
- There IS a limit to how much we can work, so the third thing we’ve done is borrow. With housing prices rising sharply through the 1990s and then even faster between 2002 to 2006, they turned their homes into huge piggy banks. They refinanced their mortgages and were taking out home-equity loans hand over fist. This third strategy did have a built-in limit, however. The housing bubble has burst and those big piggy banks are almost empty.
America is reaping the results of the widening inequality between the income classes. The only way to preserve the economy for the long term is to increase the wages of the bottom two-thirds of Americans. Inequality can be reversed by focusing on improving the schools for children in lower- and moderate-income communities. This will require, at the minimum, good preschools. There needs to be fewer students per classroom and better wages for teachers in these schools.
America is becoming shattered by an inequality of income classes and we need to repair it by reuniting these classes.
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